Fungi (Key 1)

1. Volva absent - 2

1. Volva present - 29

2. Gills brown when mature - 2

2. Gills white or pale when mature - 15

2. Gills yellow - Plantpot Dapperling (Leucocoprinus birnbaumii) (Corda, 1839)

3. Cap not or only finely scaly or fibrillose - 4

3. Cap with large, definite scales - 10

4. Ring robust and cog-wheeled - Horse Mushroom (Agaricus arvensis) (Schaeffer, 1774)

4. Ring robust but not cog-wheeled - Yellow Stainer (Agaricus xanthodermus) (Genevier, 1876)

4. Ring membranous - 5

4. Ring inconspicuous and ephemeral - 7

5. All basidia with two spores - Cultivated Mushroom (Agaricus bisporus) (Lange, 1926)

5. At least some basidia with four spores - 6

6. No distinct smell - Pavement Mushroom (Agaricus bitorquis) (Quélet, 1884)

6. Smell of almonds - Mini Mushroom (Agaricus comtulus) (Fries, 1838)

6. Smell of aniseed - Wood Mushroom (Agaricus sylvicola) (Vittadini, 1832)

6. Smell of urine - Macro Mushroom (Agaricus urinascens) (Møller and Schaeffer, 1938)

7. No colour change when cut or bruised - Field Mushroom (Agaricus campestris) (Linnaeus, 1753)

7. Turning slightly reddish or pinkish when cut or bruised - 8

7. Turning yellow or orange when cut or bruised - Rosy Wood Mushroom (Agaricus dulcidulus) (Schulzer, 1874)

8. Cap white - 9

8. Cap ochraceous brown - Sea Mushroom (Agaricus litoralis) (Wakefield and Pearson, 1946)

9. Cap smooth - Sandy Mushroom (Agaricus devoniensis) (Orton, 1960)

9. Cap fibrillose - Purple-headed Mushroom (Agaricus porphyrocephalus) (Møller, 1952)

10. Stems mostly >10 cm - 11

10. Stems mostly <10 cm - 12

11. Smell of bitter almonds - The Prince (Agaricus arvensis) (Fries, 1838)

11. Smell mushroomy - Medusa Mushroom (Agaricus bohusii) (Bon, 1983)

11. Smell of ink - Inky Mushroom (Agaricus moelleri) (Wasser, 1976)

12. Cap white with brown scales - 13

12. Cap pale brown with brown scales - 14

13. Base of stem without a volva-like swelling - Salty Mushroom (Agaricus bernardii) (Quélet, 1878)

13. Base of stem with a volva-like swelling - Booted Mushroom (Agaricus subperonatus) (Lange, 1926)

14. Flesh unchanging or turning only slightly red when cut or bruised - Shameless Mushroom (Agaricus impudicus) (Rea, 1932)

14. Flesh strongly turning red when cut or bruised - Blushing Wood Mushroom (Agaricus sylvaticus) (Schaeffer, 1774)

15. Cap scaly - 16

15. Cap floccose, flaky or grainy - 25

15. Cap mostly smooth - 26

15. Cap wrinkled - Wrinkled Powdercap (Cystoderma simulatum) (Orton, 1960)

16. Outermost scales with upturned edges - Frayed Parasol (Macrolepiota excoriata) (Schaeffer, 1762)

16. Scales woolly - Woolly Dapperling (Cystolepiota pulverulenta) (Huijsman, 1960)

16. All scales flat against cap surface and not woolly- 17

17. Fruit-body reddening strongly when bruised - Blushing Dapperling (Leucoagaricus badhamii)

17. Fruit-body not reddening when bruised - 18

18. Stem smooth - 19

18. Stem scaly below ring - 23

18. Stem woolly above and scaly below ring - Yellowfoot Dapperling (Lepiota magnispora) (Murrill, 1912)

19. Ring persistent - 20

19. Ring ephemeral - Crested Dapperling (Lepiota cristata) (Bolton, 1788)

20. Stem with a snakeskin pattern - Common Parasol (Macrolepiota procera) (Scopoli, 1772)

20. Stem without a snakeskin pattern - 21

21. Cap mostly >5 cm across - 22

21. Cap mostly <5 cm across - Cat Dapperling (Lepiota felina) (Persoon, 1801)

22. Cap umbonate - Slender Parasol (Macrolepiota mastoidea) (Fries, 1821)

22. Cap not umbonate - Orange-girdled Dapperling (Lepiota ignivolvata) (Josserand, 1990)

23. Ring present - 24

23. Indistinct ring zone - Fatal Dappering (Lepiota subincarnata) (Lange, 1940)

23. Ring fragmentary - Spiny Dapperling (Echinoderma echinacea) (Lange, 1940)

24. Ring woolly - Deadly Dapperling (Lepiota brunneoincarnata) (Chodat and Martin, 1889)

24. Ring not woolly - Green Dapperling (Lepiota grangei) (Eyre, 1903)

25. Cap pale brown - Dusky-disced Parasol (Macrolepiota phaeodisca) (Bellù, 1984)

25. Cap white - Velenovsky’s Dapperling (Lepiota oreadiformis) (Velenovsky, 1920)

25. Cap orange-,yellow- or red-brown - 27

26. Stem smooth above ring, fibrillose below - White Dapperling (Leucoagaricus leucothites) (Vittadini, 1835)

26. Stem smooth above and below ring - Crystal Dapperling (Leucoagaricus crystallifer) (Vellinga, 2000)

27. Cap over 5 cm across - Golden Bootleg (Phaeolepiota aurea) (Mattuschka, 1779)

27. Cap up to 5 cm across - 28

28. Stem +/- same colour as cap - Earthy Powdercap (Cystoderma amianthinum) (Scopoli, 1772)

28. Stem flushed with lilac or purple - Pine Powdercap (Cystoderma jasonis) (Cooke and Massee, 1888)

29. Ring absent - 30

29. Ring present - 31

30. Cap grey-brown - Banded Amanita (Amanita battarrae) (Boudier, 1902)

30. Cap olivaceous-brown - Snakeskin Grisette (Amanita ceciliae) (Berkely and Broome, 1854)

30. Cap yellow-orange - Orange Grisette (Amanita crocea) (Quélet, 1898)

31. Cap orange - Caesar's Mushroom (Amanita caesarea) (Scopoli, 1772)

31. Cap yellow - False Deathcap (Amanita citrina) (Schaeffer, 1762)

31. Cap white or cream - Solitary Amanita (Amanita echinocephala) (Vittadini, 1835)

31. Cap brown or grey-brown - 32

31. Cap ochre - Gilded Amanita (Amanita franchetii) (Boudier, 1881)

32. Velar remains grey - Grey Spotted Amanita (Amanita excelsa) (Fries, 1821)

32. Velar remains yellow - Gilded Amanita (Amanita franchetii) (Boudier, 1881)